A needle roller bearing is a bearing that uses small cylindrical rollers. These rollers are used to reduce friction of a rotating surface. Compared with ball bearings, needle roller bearings have a large surface area that is in contact with the bearing raceway journals.
The typical structure of a needle roller bearing comprises an inner race (or sometimes just a shaft), a needle cage which orientates and contains the needle rollers, the needle rollers themselves, and an outer raceway. There are many different designs of needle roller bearing, including drawn cup, precision race, caged roller, and thrust roller. Here, we consider the caged roller type.
The function of a caged needle roller bearing is to support radial loads and rotational speeds. Here, a cage guides and retains the rollers. Caged designs normally come in single and double row designs, with a wide variety of cage materials being available, including steel, plastic (PA66) and aluminium. Multiple row bearing designs boost load carrying capacity.
Cages, whether steel or plastic, can be made in a variety of different constructions, including solid cage, single split and split halves (two-piece). These cages can also incorporate lubrication passages and other custom designed features.
Typical applications for caged needle roller bearings are gearboxes, automotive power transmission systems, two and four stroke engines, planetary gear sets and air compressors.
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